test/1_mytest/partial_frac.test.cpp

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Last update: 2025-02-12 05:55:32+09:00
Problem: https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/aplusb

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Code

#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/aplusb"
#include "my_template.hpp"
#include "random/base.hpp"
#include "poly/sum_of_rationals.hpp"
#include "poly/partial_frac_decomposition_1.hpp"

using mint = modint998;
using poly = vc<mint>;

vc<mint> gen(int n) {
  vc<mint> f(n);
  set<mint> ss;
  FOR(i, n) {
    while (1) {
      mint x = RNG(-100, 100);
      if (ss.count(x)) continue;
      ss.insert(x);
      f[i] = x;
      break;
    }
  }
  return f;
}

void check(poly f, vc<mint> A) {
  int m = len(A);
  auto B = partial_frac_decomposition_1<mint>(f, A);
  assert(len(B) == m);
  vc<pair<poly, poly>> dat;
  FOR(i, m) {
    poly F = {B[i]};
    poly G = {mint(1), -A[i]};
    dat.eb(F, G);
  }
  auto [p, q] = sum_of_rationals<mint>(dat);
  while (len(p) && p.back() == mint(0)) p.pop_back();
  while (len(f) && f.back() == mint(0)) f.pop_back();
  assert(p == f);
}

void test() {
  FOR(n, 50) FOR(m, n, 50) {
    poly f = gen(n), A = gen(m);
    check(f, A);
  }
}

void solve() {
  int a, b;
  cin >> a >> b;
  cout << a + b << "\n";
}

signed main() {
  test();
  solve();
  return 0;
}

#line 1 "test/1_mytest/partial_frac.test.cpp"
#define PROBLEM "https://judge.yosupo.jp/problem/aplusb"
#line 1 "my_template.hpp"
#if defined(LOCAL)
#include <my_template_compiled.hpp>
#else

// https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/96344
// https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/126772?#comment-1154880
#include <bits/allocator.h>
#pragma GCC optimize("Ofast,unroll-loops")
#pragma GCC target("avx2,popcnt")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

using ll = long long;
using u8 = uint8_t;
using u16 = uint16_t;
using u32 = uint32_t;
using u64 = uint64_t;
using i128 = __int128;
using u128 = unsigned __int128;
using f128 = __float128;

template <class T>
constexpr T infty = 0;
template <>
constexpr int infty<int> = 1'010'000'000;
template <>
constexpr ll infty<ll> = 2'020'000'000'000'000'000;
template <>
constexpr u32 infty<u32> = infty<int>;
template <>
constexpr u64 infty<u64> = infty<ll>;
template <>
constexpr i128 infty<i128> = i128(infty<ll>) * 2'000'000'000'000'000'000;
template <>
constexpr double infty<double> = infty<ll>;
template <>
constexpr long double infty<long double> = infty<ll>;

using pi = pair<ll, ll>;
using vi = vector<ll>;
template <class T>
using vc = vector<T>;
template <class T>
using vvc = vector<vc<T>>;
template <class T>
using vvvc = vector<vvc<T>>;
template <class T>
using vvvvc = vector<vvvc<T>>;
template <class T>
using vvvvvc = vector<vvvvc<T>>;
template <class T>
using pq = priority_queue<T>;
template <class T>
using pqg = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, greater<T>>;

#define vv(type, name, h, ...) vector<vector<type>> name(h, vector<type>(__VA_ARGS__))
#define vvv(type, name, h, w, ...) vector<vector<vector<type>>> name(h, vector<vector<type>>(w, vector<type>(__VA_ARGS__)))
#define vvvv(type, name, a, b, c, ...) \
  vector<vector<vector<vector<type>>>> name(a, vector<vector<vector<type>>>(b, vector<vector<type>>(c, vector<type>(__VA_ARGS__))))

// https://trap.jp/post/1224/
#define FOR1(a) for (ll _ = 0; _ < ll(a); ++_)
#define FOR2(i, a) for (ll i = 0; i < ll(a); ++i)
#define FOR3(i, a, b) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); ++i)
#define FOR4(i, a, b, c) for (ll i = a; i < ll(b); i += (c))
#define FOR1_R(a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i)
#define FOR2_R(i, a) for (ll i = (a)-1; i >= ll(0); --i)
#define FOR3_R(i, a, b) for (ll i = (b)-1; i >= ll(a); --i)
#define overload4(a, b, c, d, e, ...) e
#define overload3(a, b, c, d, ...) d
#define FOR(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, FOR4, FOR3, FOR2, FOR1)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define FOR_R(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, FOR3_R, FOR2_R, FOR1_R)(__VA_ARGS__)

#define all(x) x.begin(), x.end()
#define len(x) ll(x.size())
#define elif else if

#define eb emplace_back
#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple
#define fi first
#define se second

#define stoi stoll

int popcnt(int x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); }
int popcnt(u32 x) { return __builtin_popcount(x); }
int popcnt(ll x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); }
int popcnt(u64 x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); }
int popcnt_sgn(int x) { return (__builtin_parity(unsigned(x)) & 1 ? -1 : 1); }
int popcnt_sgn(u32 x) { return (__builtin_parity(x) & 1 ? -1 : 1); }
int popcnt_sgn(ll x) { return (__builtin_parityll(x) & 1 ? -1 : 1); }
int popcnt_sgn(u64 x) { return (__builtin_parityll(x) & 1 ? -1 : 1); }
// (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 1, 2)
int topbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); }
int topbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 31 - __builtin_clz(x)); }
int topbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); }
int topbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x)); }
// (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) -> (-1, 0, 1, 0, 2)
int lowbit(int x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); }
int lowbit(u32 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctz(x)); }
int lowbit(ll x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); }
int lowbit(u64 x) { return (x == 0 ? -1 : __builtin_ctzll(x)); }

template <typename T>
T kth_bit(int k) {
  return T(1) << k;
}
template <typename T>
bool has_kth_bit(T x, int k) {
  return x >> k & 1;
}

template <typename UINT>
struct all_bit {
  struct iter {
    UINT s;
    iter(UINT s) : s(s) {}
    int operator*() const { return lowbit(s); }
    iter &operator++() {
      s &= s - 1;
      return *this;
    }
    bool operator!=(const iter) const { return s != 0; }
  };
  UINT s;
  all_bit(UINT s) : s(s) {}
  iter begin() const { return iter(s); }
  iter end() const { return iter(0); }
};

template <typename UINT>
struct all_subset {
  static_assert(is_unsigned<UINT>::value);
  struct iter {
    UINT s, t;
    bool ed;
    iter(UINT s) : s(s), t(s), ed(0) {}
    int operator*() const { return s ^ t; }
    iter &operator++() {
      (t == 0 ? ed = 1 : t = (t - 1) & s);
      return *this;
    }
    bool operator!=(const iter) const { return !ed; }
  };
  UINT s;
  all_subset(UINT s) : s(s) {}
  iter begin() const { return iter(s); }
  iter end() const { return iter(0); }
};

template <typename T>
T floor(T a, T b) {
  return a / b - (a % b && (a ^ b) < 0);
}
template <typename T>
T ceil(T x, T y) {
  return floor(x + y - 1, y);
}
template <typename T>
T bmod(T x, T y) {
  return x - y * floor(x, y);
}
template <typename T>
pair<T, T> divmod(T x, T y) {
  T q = floor(x, y);
  return {q, x - q * y};
}

template <typename T, typename U>
T SUM(const vector<U> &A) {
  T sm = 0;
  for (auto &&a: A) sm += a;
  return sm;
}

#define MIN(v) *min_element(all(v))
#define MAX(v) *max_element(all(v))
#define LB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), lower_bound(all(c), (x)))
#define UB(c, x) distance((c).begin(), upper_bound(all(c), (x)))
#define UNIQUE(x) sort(all(x)), x.erase(unique(all(x)), x.end()), x.shrink_to_fit()

template <typename T>
T POP(deque<T> &que) {
  T a = que.front();
  que.pop_front();
  return a;
}
template <typename T>
T POP(pq<T> &que) {
  T a = que.top();
  que.pop();
  return a;
}
template <typename T>
T POP(pqg<T> &que) {
  T a = que.top();
  que.pop();
  return a;
}
template <typename T>
T POP(vc<T> &que) {
  T a = que.back();
  que.pop_back();
  return a;
}

template <typename F>
ll binary_search(F check, ll ok, ll ng, bool check_ok = true) {
  if (check_ok) assert(check(ok));
  while (abs(ok - ng) > 1) {
    auto x = (ng + ok) / 2;
    (check(x) ? ok : ng) = x;
  }
  return ok;
}
template <typename F>
double binary_search_real(F check, double ok, double ng, int iter = 100) {
  FOR(iter) {
    double x = (ok + ng) / 2;
    (check(x) ? ok : ng) = x;
  }
  return (ok + ng) / 2;
}

template <class T, class S>
inline bool chmax(T &a, const S &b) {
  return (a < b ? a = b, 1 : 0);
}
template <class T, class S>
inline bool chmin(T &a, const S &b) {
  return (a > b ? a = b, 1 : 0);
}

// ? は -1
vc<int> s_to_vi(const string &S, char first_char) {
  vc<int> A(S.size());
  FOR(i, S.size()) { A[i] = (S[i] != '?' ? S[i] - first_char : -1); }
  return A;
}

template <typename T, typename U>
vector<T> cumsum(vector<U> &A, int off = 1) {
  int N = A.size();
  vector<T> B(N + 1);
  FOR(i, N) { B[i + 1] = B[i] + A[i]; }
  if (off == 0) B.erase(B.begin());
  return B;
}

// stable sort
template <typename T>
vector<int> argsort(const vector<T> &A) {
  vector<int> ids(len(A));
  iota(all(ids), 0);
  sort(all(ids), [&](int i, int j) { return (A[i] == A[j] ? i < j : A[i] < A[j]); });
  return ids;
}

// A[I[0]], A[I[1]], ...
template <typename T>
vc<T> rearrange(const vc<T> &A, const vc<int> &I) {
  vc<T> B(len(I));
  FOR(i, len(I)) B[i] = A[I[i]];
  return B;
}

template <typename T, typename... Vectors>
void concat(vc<T> &first, const Vectors &... others) {
  vc<T> &res = first;
  (res.insert(res.end(), others.begin(), others.end()), ...);
}
#endif
#line 2 "random/base.hpp"

u64 RNG_64() {
  static u64 x_ = u64(chrono::duration_cast<chrono::nanoseconds>(chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count()) * 10150724397891781847ULL;
  x_ ^= x_ << 7;
  return x_ ^= x_ >> 9;
}

u64 RNG(u64 lim) { return RNG_64() % lim; }

ll RNG(ll l, ll r) { return l + RNG_64() % (r - l); }
#line 2 "poly/sum_of_rationals.hpp"

#line 2 "mod/modint_common.hpp"

struct has_mod_impl {
  template <class T>
  static auto check(T &&x) -> decltype(x.get_mod(), std::true_type{});
  template <class T>
  static auto check(...) -> std::false_type;
};

template <class T>
class has_mod : public decltype(has_mod_impl::check<T>(std::declval<T>())) {};

template <typename mint>
mint inv(int n) {
  static const int mod = mint::get_mod();
  static vector<mint> dat = {0, 1};
  assert(0 <= n);
  if (n >= mod) n %= mod;
  while (len(dat) <= n) {
    int k = len(dat);
    int q = (mod + k - 1) / k;
    dat.eb(dat[k * q - mod] * mint::raw(q));
  }
  return dat[n];
}

template <typename mint>
mint fact(int n) {
  static const int mod = mint::get_mod();
  assert(0 <= n && n < mod);
  static vector<mint> dat = {1, 1};
  while (len(dat) <= n) dat.eb(dat[len(dat) - 1] * mint::raw(len(dat)));
  return dat[n];
}

template <typename mint>
mint fact_inv(int n) {
  static vector<mint> dat = {1, 1};
  if (n < 0) return mint(0);
  while (len(dat) <= n) dat.eb(dat[len(dat) - 1] * inv<mint>(len(dat)));
  return dat[n];
}

template <class mint, class... Ts>
mint fact_invs(Ts... xs) {
  return (mint(1) * ... * fact_inv<mint>(xs));
}

template <typename mint, class Head, class... Tail>
mint multinomial(Head &&head, Tail &&... tail) {
  return fact<mint>(head) * fact_invs<mint>(std::forward<Tail>(tail)...);
}

template <typename mint>
mint C_dense(int n, int k) {
  assert(n >= 0);
  if (k < 0 || n < k) return 0;
  static vvc<mint> C;
  static int H = 0, W = 0;
  auto calc = [&](int i, int j) -> mint {
    if (i == 0) return (j == 0 ? mint(1) : mint(0));
    return C[i - 1][j] + (j ? C[i - 1][j - 1] : 0);
  };
  if (W <= k) {
    FOR(i, H) {
      C[i].resize(k + 1);
      FOR(j, W, k + 1) { C[i][j] = calc(i, j); }
    }
    W = k + 1;
  }
  if (H <= n) {
    C.resize(n + 1);
    FOR(i, H, n + 1) {
      C[i].resize(W);
      FOR(j, W) { C[i][j] = calc(i, j); }
    }
    H = n + 1;
  }
  return C[n][k];
}

template <typename mint, bool large = false, bool dense = false>
mint C(ll n, ll k) {
  assert(n >= 0);
  if (k < 0 || n < k) return 0;
  if constexpr (dense) return C_dense<mint>(n, k);
  if constexpr (!large) return multinomial<mint>(n, k, n - k);
  k = min(k, n - k);
  mint x(1);
  FOR(i, k) x *= mint(n - i);
  return x * fact_inv<mint>(k);
}

template <typename mint, bool large = false>
mint C_inv(ll n, ll k) {
  assert(n >= 0);
  assert(0 <= k && k <= n);
  if (!large) return fact_inv<mint>(n) * fact<mint>(k) * fact<mint>(n - k);
  return mint(1) / C<mint, 1>(n, k);
}

// [x^d](1-x)^{-n}
template <typename mint, bool large = false, bool dense = false>
mint C_negative(ll n, ll d) {
  assert(n >= 0);
  if (d < 0) return mint(0);
  if (n == 0) { return (d == 0 ? mint(1) : mint(0)); }
  return C<mint, large, dense>(n + d - 1, d);
}
#line 3 "mod/modint.hpp"

template <int mod>
struct modint {
  static constexpr u32 umod = u32(mod);
  static_assert(umod < u32(1) << 31);
  u32 val;

  static modint raw(u32 v) {
    modint x;
    x.val = v;
    return x;
  }
  constexpr modint() : val(0) {}
  constexpr modint(u32 x) : val(x % umod) {}
  constexpr modint(u64 x) : val(x % umod) {}
  constexpr modint(u128 x) : val(x % umod) {}
  constexpr modint(int x) : val((x %= mod) < 0 ? x + mod : x){};
  constexpr modint(ll x) : val((x %= mod) < 0 ? x + mod : x){};
  constexpr modint(i128 x) : val((x %= mod) < 0 ? x + mod : x){};
  bool operator<(const modint &other) const { return val < other.val; }
  modint &operator+=(const modint &p) {
    if ((val += p.val) >= umod) val -= umod;
    return *this;
  }
  modint &operator-=(const modint &p) {
    if ((val += umod - p.val) >= umod) val -= umod;
    return *this;
  }
  modint &operator*=(const modint &p) {
    val = u64(val) * p.val % umod;
    return *this;
  }
  modint &operator/=(const modint &p) {
    *this *= p.inverse();
    return *this;
  }
  modint operator-() const { return modint::raw(val ? mod - val : u32(0)); }
  modint operator+(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) += p; }
  modint operator-(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) -= p; }
  modint operator*(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) *= p; }
  modint operator/(const modint &p) const { return modint(*this) /= p; }
  bool operator==(const modint &p) const { return val == p.val; }
  bool operator!=(const modint &p) const { return val != p.val; }
  modint inverse() const {
    int a = val, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t;
    while (b > 0) {
      t = a / b;
      swap(a -= t * b, b), swap(u -= t * v, v);
    }
    return modint(u);
  }
  modint pow(ll n) const {
    if (n < 0) return inverse().pow(-n);
    assert(n >= 0);
    modint ret(1), mul(val);
    while (n > 0) {
      if (n & 1) ret *= mul;
      mul *= mul;
      n >>= 1;
    }
    return ret;
  }
  static constexpr int get_mod() { return mod; }
  // (n, r), r は 1 の 2^n 乗根
  static constexpr pair<int, int> ntt_info() {
    if (mod == 120586241) return {20, 74066978};
    if (mod == 167772161) return {25, 17};
    if (mod == 469762049) return {26, 30};
    if (mod == 754974721) return {24, 362};
    if (mod == 880803841) return {23, 211};
    if (mod == 943718401) return {22, 663003469};
    if (mod == 998244353) return {23, 31};
    if (mod == 1004535809) return {21, 582313106};
    if (mod == 1012924417) return {21, 368093570};
    return {-1, -1};
  }
  static constexpr bool can_ntt() { return ntt_info().fi != -1; }
};

#ifdef FASTIO
template <int mod>
void rd(modint<mod> &x) {
  fastio::rd(x.val);
  x.val %= mod;
  // assert(0 <= x.val && x.val < mod);
}
template <int mod>
void wt(modint<mod> x) {
  fastio::wt(x.val);
}
#endif

using modint107 = modint<1000000007>;
using modint998 = modint<998244353>;
#line 2 "mod/mod_inv.hpp"

// long でも大丈夫

// (val * x - 1) が mod の倍数になるようにする

// 特に mod=0 なら x=0 が満たす

ll mod_inv(ll val, ll mod) {
  if (mod == 0) return 0;
  mod = abs(mod);
  val %= mod;
  if (val < 0) val += mod;
  ll a = val, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t;
  while (b > 0) {
    t = a / b;
    swap(a -= t * b, b), swap(u -= t * v, v);
  }
  if (u < 0) u += mod;
  return u;
}
#line 2 "mod/crt3.hpp"

constexpr u32 mod_pow_constexpr(u64 a, u64 n, u32 mod) {
  a %= mod;
  u64 res = 1;
  FOR(32) {
    if (n & 1) res = res * a % mod;
    a = a * a % mod, n /= 2;
  }
  return res;
}

template <typename T, u32 p0, u32 p1>
T CRT2(u64 a0, u64 a1) {
  static_assert(p0 < p1);
  static constexpr u64 x0_1 = mod_pow_constexpr(p0, p1 - 2, p1);
  u64 c = (a1 - a0 + p1) * x0_1 % p1;
  return a0 + c * p0;
}

template <typename T, u32 p0, u32 p1, u32 p2>
T CRT3(u64 a0, u64 a1, u64 a2) {
  static_assert(p0 < p1 && p1 < p2);
  static constexpr u64 x1 = mod_pow_constexpr(p0, p1 - 2, p1);
  static constexpr u64 x2 = mod_pow_constexpr(u64(p0) * p1 % p2, p2 - 2, p2);
  static constexpr u64 p01 = u64(p0) * p1;
  u64 c = (a1 - a0 + p1) * x1 % p1;
  u64 ans_1 = a0 + c * p0;
  c = (a2 - ans_1 % p2 + p2) * x2 % p2;
  return T(ans_1) + T(c) * T(p01);
}

template <typename T, u32 p0, u32 p1, u32 p2, u32 p3>
T CRT4(u64 a0, u64 a1, u64 a2, u64 a3) {
  static_assert(p0 < p1 && p1 < p2 && p2 < p3);
  static constexpr u64 x1 = mod_pow_constexpr(p0, p1 - 2, p1);
  static constexpr u64 x2 = mod_pow_constexpr(u64(p0) * p1 % p2, p2 - 2, p2);
  static constexpr u64 x3 = mod_pow_constexpr(u64(p0) * p1 % p3 * p2 % p3, p3 - 2, p3);
  static constexpr u64 p01 = u64(p0) * p1;
  u64 c = (a1 - a0 + p1) * x1 % p1;
  u64 ans_1 = a0 + c * p0;
  c = (a2 - ans_1 % p2 + p2) * x2 % p2;
  u128 ans_2 = ans_1 + c * static_cast<u128>(p01);
  c = (a3 - ans_2 % p3 + p3) * x3 % p3;
  return T(ans_2) + T(c) * T(p01) * T(p2);
}

template <typename T, u32 p0, u32 p1, u32 p2, u32 p3, u32 p4>
T CRT5(u64 a0, u64 a1, u64 a2, u64 a3, u64 a4) {
  static_assert(p0 < p1 && p1 < p2 && p2 < p3 && p3 < p4);
  static constexpr u64 x1 = mod_pow_constexpr(p0, p1 - 2, p1);
  static constexpr u64 x2 = mod_pow_constexpr(u64(p0) * p1 % p2, p2 - 2, p2);
  static constexpr u64 x3 = mod_pow_constexpr(u64(p0) * p1 % p3 * p2 % p3, p3 - 2, p3);
  static constexpr u64 x4 = mod_pow_constexpr(u64(p0) * p1 % p4 * p2 % p4 * p3 % p4, p4 - 2, p4);
  static constexpr u64 p01 = u64(p0) * p1;
  static constexpr u64 p23 = u64(p2) * p3;
  u64 c = (a1 - a0 + p1) * x1 % p1;
  u64 ans_1 = a0 + c * p0;
  c = (a2 - ans_1 % p2 + p2) * x2 % p2;
  u128 ans_2 = ans_1 + c * static_cast<u128>(p01);
  c = static_cast<u64>(a3 - ans_2 % p3 + p3) * x3 % p3;
  u128 ans_3 = ans_2 + static_cast<u128>(c * p2) * p01;
  c = static_cast<u64>(a4 - ans_3 % p4 + p4) * x4 % p4;
  return T(ans_3) + T(c) * T(p01) * T(p23);
}
#line 2 "poly/convolution_naive.hpp"

template <class T, typename enable_if<!has_mod<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
vc<T> convolution_naive(const vc<T>& a, const vc<T>& b) {
  int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size());
  if (n > m) return convolution_naive<T>(b, a);
  if (n == 0) return {};
  vector<T> ans(n + m - 1);
  FOR(i, n) FOR(j, m) ans[i + j] += a[i] * b[j];
  return ans;
}

template <class T, typename enable_if<has_mod<T>::value>::type* = nullptr>
vc<T> convolution_naive(const vc<T>& a, const vc<T>& b) {
  int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size());
  if (n > m) return convolution_naive<T>(b, a);
  if (n == 0) return {};
  vc<T> ans(n + m - 1);
  if (n <= 16 && (T::get_mod() < (1 << 30))) {
    for (int k = 0; k < n + m - 1; ++k) {
      int s = max(0, k - m + 1);
      int t = min(n, k + 1);
      u64 sm = 0;
      for (int i = s; i < t; ++i) { sm += u64(a[i].val) * (b[k - i].val); }
      ans[k] = sm;
    }
  } else {
    for (int k = 0; k < n + m - 1; ++k) {
      int s = max(0, k - m + 1);
      int t = min(n, k + 1);
      u128 sm = 0;
      for (int i = s; i < t; ++i) { sm += u64(a[i].val) * (b[k - i].val); }
      ans[k] = T::raw(sm % T::get_mod());
    }
  }
  return ans;
}
#line 2 "poly/convolution_karatsuba.hpp"

// 任意の環でできる
template <typename T>
vc<T> convolution_karatsuba(const vc<T>& f, const vc<T>& g) {
  const int thresh = 30;
  if (min(len(f), len(g)) <= thresh) return convolution_naive(f, g);
  int n = max(len(f), len(g));
  int m = ceil(n, 2);
  vc<T> f1, f2, g1, g2;
  if (len(f) < m) f1 = f;
  if (len(f) >= m) f1 = {f.begin(), f.begin() + m};
  if (len(f) >= m) f2 = {f.begin() + m, f.end()};
  if (len(g) < m) g1 = g;
  if (len(g) >= m) g1 = {g.begin(), g.begin() + m};
  if (len(g) >= m) g2 = {g.begin() + m, g.end()};
  vc<T> a = convolution_karatsuba(f1, g1);
  vc<T> b = convolution_karatsuba(f2, g2);
  FOR(i, len(f2)) f1[i] += f2[i];
  FOR(i, len(g2)) g1[i] += g2[i];
  vc<T> c = convolution_karatsuba(f1, g1);
  vc<T> F(len(f) + len(g) - 1);
  assert(2 * m + len(b) <= len(F));
  FOR(i, len(a)) F[i] += a[i], c[i] -= a[i];
  FOR(i, len(b)) F[2 * m + i] += b[i], c[i] -= b[i];
  if (c.back() == T(0)) c.pop_back();
  FOR(i, len(c)) if (c[i] != T(0)) F[m + i] += c[i];
  return F;
}
#line 2 "poly/ntt.hpp"

template <class mint>
void ntt(vector<mint>& a, bool inverse) {
  assert(mint::can_ntt());
  const int rank2 = mint::ntt_info().fi;
  const int mod = mint::get_mod();
  static array<mint, 30> root, iroot;
  static array<mint, 30> rate2, irate2;
  static array<mint, 30> rate3, irate3;

  assert(rank2 != -1 && len(a) <= (1 << max(0, rank2)));

  static bool prepared = 0;
  if (!prepared) {
    prepared = 1;
    root[rank2] = mint::ntt_info().se;
    iroot[rank2] = mint(1) / root[rank2];
    FOR_R(i, rank2) {
      root[i] = root[i + 1] * root[i + 1];
      iroot[i] = iroot[i + 1] * iroot[i + 1];
    }
    mint prod = 1, iprod = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i <= rank2 - 2; i++) {
      rate2[i] = root[i + 2] * prod;
      irate2[i] = iroot[i + 2] * iprod;
      prod *= iroot[i + 2];
      iprod *= root[i + 2];
    }
    prod = 1, iprod = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i <= rank2 - 3; i++) {
      rate3[i] = root[i + 3] * prod;
      irate3[i] = iroot[i + 3] * iprod;
      prod *= iroot[i + 3];
      iprod *= root[i + 3];
    }
  }

  int n = int(a.size());
  int h = topbit(n);
  assert(n == 1 << h);
  if (!inverse) {
    int len = 0;
    while (len < h) {
      if (h - len == 1) {
        int p = 1 << (h - len - 1);
        mint rot = 1;
        FOR(s, 1 << len) {
          int offset = s << (h - len);
          FOR(i, p) {
            auto l = a[i + offset];
            auto r = a[i + offset + p] * rot;
            a[i + offset] = l + r;
            a[i + offset + p] = l - r;
          }
          rot *= rate2[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len++;
      } else {
        int p = 1 << (h - len - 2);
        mint rot = 1, imag = root[2];
        for (int s = 0; s < (1 << len); s++) {
          mint rot2 = rot * rot;
          mint rot3 = rot2 * rot;
          int offset = s << (h - len);
          for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
            u64 mod2 = u64(mod) * mod;
            u64 a0 = a[i + offset].val;
            u64 a1 = u64(a[i + offset + p].val) * rot.val;
            u64 a2 = u64(a[i + offset + 2 * p].val) * rot2.val;
            u64 a3 = u64(a[i + offset + 3 * p].val) * rot3.val;
            u64 a1na3imag = (a1 + mod2 - a3) % mod * imag.val;
            u64 na2 = mod2 - a2;
            a[i + offset] = a0 + a2 + a1 + a3;
            a[i + offset + 1 * p] = a0 + a2 + (2 * mod2 - (a1 + a3));
            a[i + offset + 2 * p] = a0 + na2 + a1na3imag;
            a[i + offset + 3 * p] = a0 + na2 + (mod2 - a1na3imag);
          }
          rot *= rate3[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len += 2;
      }
    }
  } else {
    mint coef = mint(1) / mint(len(a));
    FOR(i, len(a)) a[i] *= coef;
    int len = h;
    while (len) {
      if (len == 1) {
        int p = 1 << (h - len);
        mint irot = 1;
        FOR(s, 1 << (len - 1)) {
          int offset = s << (h - len + 1);
          FOR(i, p) {
            u64 l = a[i + offset].val;
            u64 r = a[i + offset + p].val;
            a[i + offset] = l + r;
            a[i + offset + p] = (mod + l - r) * irot.val;
          }
          irot *= irate2[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len--;
      } else {
        int p = 1 << (h - len);
        mint irot = 1, iimag = iroot[2];
        FOR(s, (1 << (len - 2))) {
          mint irot2 = irot * irot;
          mint irot3 = irot2 * irot;
          int offset = s << (h - len + 2);
          for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
            u64 a0 = a[i + offset + 0 * p].val;
            u64 a1 = a[i + offset + 1 * p].val;
            u64 a2 = a[i + offset + 2 * p].val;
            u64 a3 = a[i + offset + 3 * p].val;
            u64 x = (mod + a2 - a3) * iimag.val % mod;
            a[i + offset] = a0 + a1 + a2 + a3;
            a[i + offset + 1 * p] = (a0 + mod - a1 + x) * irot.val;
            a[i + offset + 2 * p] = (a0 + a1 + 2 * mod - a2 - a3) * irot2.val;
            a[i + offset + 3 * p] = (a0 + 2 * mod - a1 - x) * irot3.val;
          }
          irot *= irate3[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len -= 2;
      }
    }
  }
}
#line 8 "poly/convolution.hpp"

template <class mint>
vector<mint> convolution_ntt(vector<mint> a, vector<mint> b) {
  if (a.empty() || b.empty()) return {};
  int n = int(a.size()), m = int(b.size());
  int sz = 1;
  while (sz < n + m - 1) sz *= 2;

  // sz = 2^k のときの高速化。分割統治的なやつで損しまくるので。

  if ((n + m - 3) <= sz / 2) {
    auto a_last = a.back(), b_last = b.back();
    a.pop_back(), b.pop_back();
    auto c = convolution(a, b);
    c.resize(n + m - 1);
    c[n + m - 2] = a_last * b_last;
    FOR(i, len(a)) c[i + len(b)] += a[i] * b_last;
    FOR(i, len(b)) c[i + len(a)] += b[i] * a_last;
    return c;
  }

  a.resize(sz), b.resize(sz);
  bool same = a == b;
  ntt(a, 0);
  if (same) {
    b = a;
  } else {
    ntt(b, 0);
  }
  FOR(i, sz) a[i] *= b[i];
  ntt(a, 1);
  a.resize(n + m - 1);
  return a;
}

template <typename mint>
vector<mint> convolution_garner(const vector<mint>& a, const vector<mint>& b) {
  int n = len(a), m = len(b);
  if (!n || !m) return {};
  static constexpr int p0 = 167772161;
  static constexpr int p1 = 469762049;
  static constexpr int p2 = 754974721;
  using mint0 = modint<p0>;
  using mint1 = modint<p1>;
  using mint2 = modint<p2>;
  vc<mint0> a0(n), b0(m);
  vc<mint1> a1(n), b1(m);
  vc<mint2> a2(n), b2(m);
  FOR(i, n) a0[i] = a[i].val, a1[i] = a[i].val, a2[i] = a[i].val;
  FOR(i, m) b0[i] = b[i].val, b1[i] = b[i].val, b2[i] = b[i].val;
  auto c0 = convolution_ntt<mint0>(a0, b0);
  auto c1 = convolution_ntt<mint1>(a1, b1);
  auto c2 = convolution_ntt<mint2>(a2, b2);
  vc<mint> c(len(c0));
  FOR(i, n + m - 1) { c[i] = CRT3<mint, p0, p1, p2>(c0[i].val, c1[i].val, c2[i].val); }
  return c;
}

vector<ll> convolution(vector<ll> a, vector<ll> b) {
  int n = len(a), m = len(b);
  if (!n || !m) return {};
  if (min(n, m) <= 2500) return convolution_naive(a, b);

  ll mi_a = MIN(a), mi_b = MIN(b);
  for (auto& x: a) x -= mi_a;
  for (auto& x: b) x -= mi_b;
  assert(MAX(a) * MAX(b) <= 1e18);

  auto Ac = cumsum<ll>(a), Bc = cumsum<ll>(b);
  vi res(n + m - 1);
  for (int k = 0; k < n + m - 1; ++k) {
    int s = max(0, k - m + 1);
    int t = min(n, k + 1);
    res[k] += (t - s) * mi_a * mi_b;
    res[k] += mi_a * (Bc[k - s + 1] - Bc[k - t + 1]);
    res[k] += mi_b * (Ac[t] - Ac[s]);
  }

  static constexpr u32 MOD1 = 1004535809;
  static constexpr u32 MOD2 = 1012924417;
  using mint1 = modint<MOD1>;
  using mint2 = modint<MOD2>;

  vc<mint1> a1(n), b1(m);
  vc<mint2> a2(n), b2(m);
  FOR(i, n) a1[i] = a[i], a2[i] = a[i];
  FOR(i, m) b1[i] = b[i], b2[i] = b[i];

  auto c1 = convolution_ntt<mint1>(a1, b1);
  auto c2 = convolution_ntt<mint2>(a2, b2);

  FOR(i, n + m - 1) { res[i] += CRT2<u64, MOD1, MOD2>(c1[i].val, c2[i].val); }
  return res;
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> convolution(const vc<mint>& a, const vc<mint>& b) {
  int n = len(a), m = len(b);
  if (!n || !m) return {};
  if (mint::can_ntt()) {
    if (min(n, m) <= 50) return convolution_karatsuba<mint>(a, b);
    return convolution_ntt(a, b);
  }
  if (min(n, m) <= 200) return convolution_karatsuba<mint>(a, b);
  return convolution_garner(a, b);
}
#line 2 "poly/ntt_doubling.hpp"

#line 4 "poly/ntt_doubling.hpp"

// 2^k 次多項式の長さ 2^k が与えられるので 2^k+1 にする
template <typename mint, bool transposed = false>
void ntt_doubling(vector<mint>& a) {
  static array<mint, 30> root;
  static bool prepared = 0;
  if (!prepared) {
    prepared = 1;
    const int rank2 = mint::ntt_info().fi;
    root[rank2] = mint::ntt_info().se;
    FOR_R(i, rank2) { root[i] = root[i + 1] * root[i + 1]; }
  }

  if constexpr (!transposed) {
    const int M = (int)a.size();
    auto b = a;
    ntt(b, 1);
    mint r = 1, zeta = root[topbit(2 * M)];
    FOR(i, M) b[i] *= r, r *= zeta;
    ntt(b, 0);
    copy(begin(b), end(b), back_inserter(a));
  } else {
    const int M = len(a) / 2;
    vc<mint> tmp = {a.begin(), a.begin() + M};
    a = {a.begin() + M, a.end()};
    transposed_ntt(a, 0);
    mint r = 1, zeta = root[topbit(2 * M)];
    FOR(i, M) a[i] *= r, r *= zeta;
    transposed_ntt(a, 1);
    FOR(i, M) a[i] += tmp[i];
  }
}
#line 5 "poly/sum_of_rationals.hpp"

// 有理式の和を計算する。分割統治 O(Nlog^2N)。N は次数の和。
template <typename mint>
pair<vc<mint>, vc<mint>> sum_of_rationals(vc<pair<vc<mint>, vc<mint>>> dat) {
  if (len(dat) == 0) {
    vc<mint> f = {0}, g = {1};
    return {f, g};
  }
  using P = pair<vc<mint>, vc<mint>>;
  auto add = [&](P& a, P& b) -> P {
    int na = len(a.fi) - 1, da = len(a.se) - 1;
    int nb = len(b.fi) - 1, db = len(b.se) - 1;
    int n = max(na + db, da + nb);
    vc<mint> num(n + 1);
    {
      auto f = convolution(a.fi, b.se);
      FOR(i, len(f)) num[i] += f[i];
    }
    {
      auto f = convolution(a.se, b.fi);
      FOR(i, len(f)) num[i] += f[i];
    }
    auto den = convolution(a.se, b.se);
    return {num, den};
  };

  while (len(dat) > 1) {
    int n = len(dat);
    FOR(i, 1, n, 2) { dat[i - 1] = add(dat[i - 1], dat[i]); }
    FOR(i, ceil(n, 2)) dat[i] = dat[2 * i];
    dat.resize(ceil(n, 2));
  }
  return dat[0];
}

// sum wt[i]/(1-A[i]x)
template <typename mint>
pair<vc<mint>, vc<mint>> sum_of_rationals_1(vc<mint> A, vc<mint> wt) {
  using poly = vc<mint>;
  if (!mint::can_ntt()) {
    vc<pair<poly, poly>> rationals;
    FOR(i, len(A)) rationals.eb(poly({wt[i]}), poly({mint(1), -A[i]}));
    return sum_of_rationals(rationals);
  }
  int n = 1;
  while (n < len(A)) n *= 2;
  int k = topbit(n);
  vc<mint> F(n), G(n);
  vc<mint> nxt_F(n), nxt_G(n);
  FOR(i, len(A)) F[i] = -A[i], G[i] = wt[i];
  int D = 6;

  FOR(d, k) {
    int b = 1 << d;
    if (d < D) {
      fill(all(nxt_F), mint(0)), fill(all(nxt_G), mint(0));
      for (int L = 0; L < n; L += 2 * b) {
        FOR(i, b) FOR(j, b) nxt_F[L + i + j] += F[L + i] * F[L + b + j];
        FOR(i, b) FOR(j, b) nxt_G[L + i + j] += F[L + i] * G[L + b + j];
        FOR(i, b) FOR(j, b) nxt_G[L + i + j] += F[L + b + i] * G[L + j];
        FOR(i, b) nxt_F[L + b + i] += F[L + i] + F[L + b + i];
        FOR(i, b) nxt_G[L + b + i] += G[L + i] + G[L + b + i];
      }
    }
    elif (d == D) {
      for (int L = 0; L < n; L += 2 * b) {
        poly f1 = {F.begin() + L, F.begin() + L + b};
        poly f2 = {F.begin() + L + b, F.begin() + L + 2 * b};
        poly g1 = {G.begin() + L, G.begin() + L + b};
        poly g2 = {G.begin() + L + b, G.begin() + L + 2 * b};
        f1.resize(2 * b), f2.resize(2 * b), g1.resize(2 * b), g2.resize(2 * b);
        ntt(f1, 0), ntt(f2, 0), ntt(g1, 0), ntt(g2, 0);
        FOR(i, b) f1[i] += 1, f2[i] += 1;
        FOR(i, b, 2 * b) f1[i] -= 1, f2[i] -= 1;
        FOR(i, 2 * b) nxt_F[L + i] = f1[i] * f2[i] - 1;
        FOR(i, 2 * b) nxt_G[L + i] = g1[i] * f2[i] + g2[i] * f1[i];
      }
    }
    else {
      for (int L = 0; L < n; L += 2 * b) {
        poly f1 = {F.begin() + L, F.begin() + L + b};
        poly f2 = {F.begin() + L + b, F.begin() + L + 2 * b};
        poly g1 = {G.begin() + L, G.begin() + L + b};
        poly g2 = {G.begin() + L + b, G.begin() + L + 2 * b};
        ntt_doubling(f1), ntt_doubling(f2), ntt_doubling(g1), ntt_doubling(g2);
        FOR(i, b) f1[i] += 1, f2[i] += 1;
        FOR(i, b, 2 * b) f1[i] -= 1, f2[i] -= 1;
        FOR(i, 2 * b) nxt_F[L + i] = f1[i] * f2[i] - 1;
        FOR(i, 2 * b) nxt_G[L + i] = g1[i] * f2[i] + g2[i] * f1[i];
      }
    }
    swap(F, nxt_F), swap(G, nxt_G);
  }
  if (k - 1 >= D) ntt(F, 1), ntt(G, 1);
  F.eb(1);
  reverse(all(F)), reverse(all(G));
  F.resize(len(A) + 1);
  G.resize(len(A));
  return {G, F};
}
#line 2 "poly/multipoint.hpp"

#line 2 "poly/middle_product.hpp"

#line 6 "poly/middle_product.hpp"

// n, m 次多項式 (n>=m) a, b → n-m 次多項式 c
// c[i] = sum_j b[j]a[i+j]
template <typename mint>
vc<mint> middle_product(vc<mint>& a, vc<mint>& b) {
  assert(len(a) >= len(b));
  if (b.empty()) return vc<mint>(len(a) - len(b) + 1);
  if (min(len(b), len(a) - len(b) + 1) <= 60) {
    return middle_product_naive(a, b);
  }
  if (!(mint::can_ntt())) {
    return middle_product_garner(a, b);
  } else {
    int n = 1 << __lg(2 * len(a) - 1);
    vc<mint> fa(n), fb(n);
    copy(a.begin(), a.end(), fa.begin());
    copy(b.rbegin(), b.rend(), fb.begin());
    ntt(fa, 0), ntt(fb, 0);
    FOR(i, n) fa[i] *= fb[i];
    ntt(fa, 1);
    fa.resize(len(a));
    fa.erase(fa.begin(), fa.begin() + len(b) - 1);
    return fa;
  }
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> middle_product_garner(vc<mint>& a, vc<mint> b) {
  int n = len(a), m = len(b);
  if (!n || !m) return {};
  static constexpr int p0 = 167772161;
  static constexpr int p1 = 469762049;
  static constexpr int p2 = 754974721;
  using mint0 = modint<p0>;
  using mint1 = modint<p1>;
  using mint2 = modint<p2>;
  vc<mint0> a0(n), b0(m);
  vc<mint1> a1(n), b1(m);
  vc<mint2> a2(n), b2(m);
  FOR(i, n) a0[i] = a[i].val, a1[i] = a[i].val, a2[i] = a[i].val;
  FOR(i, m) b0[i] = b[i].val, b1[i] = b[i].val, b2[i] = b[i].val;
  auto c0 = middle_product<mint0>(a0, b0);
  auto c1 = middle_product<mint1>(a1, b1);
  auto c2 = middle_product<mint2>(a2, b2);
  vc<mint> c(len(c0));
  FOR(i, n - m + 1) {
    c[i] = CRT3<mint, p0, p1, p2>(c0[i].val, c1[i].val, c2[i].val);
  }
  return c;
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> middle_product_naive(vc<mint>& a, vc<mint>& b) {
  vc<mint> res(len(a) - len(b) + 1);
  FOR(i, len(res)) FOR(j, len(b)) res[i] += b[j] * a[i + j];
  return res;
}
#line 2 "mod/all_inverse.hpp"
template <typename mint>
vc<mint> all_inverse(vc<mint>& X) {
  for (auto&& x: X) assert(x != mint(0));
  int N = len(X);
  vc<mint> res(N + 1);
  res[0] = mint(1);
  FOR(i, N) res[i + 1] = res[i] * X[i];
  mint t = res.back().inverse();
  res.pop_back();
  FOR_R(i, N) {
    res[i] *= t;
    t *= X[i];
  }
  return res;
}
#line 2 "poly/fps_div.hpp"

#line 2 "poly/count_terms.hpp"
template<typename mint>
int count_terms(const vc<mint>& f){
  int t = 0;
  FOR(i, len(f)) if(f[i] != mint(0)) ++t;
  return t;
}
#line 4 "poly/fps_inv.hpp"

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> fps_inv_sparse(const vc<mint>& f) {
  int N = len(f);
  vc<pair<int, mint>> dat;
  FOR(i, 1, N) if (f[i] != mint(0)) dat.eb(i, f[i]);
  vc<mint> g(N);
  mint g0 = mint(1) / f[0];
  g[0] = g0;
  FOR(n, 1, N) {
    mint rhs = 0;
    for (auto&& [k, fk]: dat) {
      if (k > n) break;
      rhs -= fk * g[n - k];
    }
    g[n] = rhs * g0;
  }
  return g;
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> fps_inv_dense_ntt(const vc<mint>& F) {
  vc<mint> G = {mint(1) / F[0]};
  ll N = len(F), n = 1;
  G.reserve(N);
  while (n < N) {
    vc<mint> f(2 * n), g(2 * n);
    FOR(i, min(N, 2 * n)) f[i] = F[i];
    FOR(i, n) g[i] = G[i];
    ntt(f, false), ntt(g, false);
    FOR(i, 2 * n) f[i] *= g[i];
    ntt(f, true);
    FOR(i, n) f[i] = 0;
    ntt(f, false);
    FOR(i, 2 * n) f[i] *= g[i];
    ntt(f, true);
    FOR(i, n, min(N, 2 * n)) G.eb(-f[i]);
    n *= 2;
  }
  return G;
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> fps_inv_dense(const vc<mint>& F) {
  if (mint::can_ntt()) return fps_inv_dense_ntt(F);
  const int N = len(F);
  vc<mint> R = {mint(1) / F[0]};
  vc<mint> p;
  int m = 1;
  while (m < N) {
    p = convolution(R, R);
    p.resize(m + m);
    vc<mint> f = {F.begin(), F.begin() + min(m + m, N)};
    p = convolution(p, f);
    R.resize(m + m);
    FOR(i, m + m) R[i] = R[i] + R[i] - p[i];
    m += m;
  }
  R.resize(N);
  return R;
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> fps_inv(const vc<mint>& f) {
  assert(f[0] != mint(0));
  int n = count_terms(f);
  int t = (mint::can_ntt() ? 160 : 820);
  return (n <= t ? fps_inv_sparse<mint>(f) : fps_inv_dense<mint>(f));
}
#line 5 "poly/fps_div.hpp"

// f/g. f の長さで出力される.
template <typename mint, bool SPARSE = false>
vc<mint> fps_div(vc<mint> f, vc<mint> g) {
  if (SPARSE || count_terms(g) < 200) return fps_div_sparse(f, g);
  int n = len(f);
  g.resize(n);
  g = fps_inv<mint>(g);
  f = convolution(f, g);
  f.resize(n);
  return f;
}

// f/g ただし g は sparse
template <typename mint>
vc<mint> fps_div_sparse(vc<mint> f, vc<mint>& g) {
  if (g[0] != mint(1)) {
    mint cf = g[0].inverse();
    for (auto&& x: f) x *= cf;
    for (auto&& x: g) x *= cf;
  }

  vc<pair<int, mint>> dat;
  FOR(i, 1, len(g)) if (g[i] != mint(0)) dat.eb(i, -g[i]);
  FOR(i, len(f)) {
    for (auto&& [j, x]: dat) {
      if (i >= j) f[i] += x * f[i - j];
    }
  }
  return f;
}
#line 2 "poly/transposed_ntt.hpp"

template <class mint>
void transposed_ntt(vector<mint>& a, bool inverse) {
  assert(mint::can_ntt());
  const int rank2 = mint::ntt_info().fi;
  const int mod = mint::get_mod();
  static array<mint, 30> root, iroot;
  static array<mint, 30> rate2, irate2;
  static array<mint, 30> rate3, irate3;

  assert(rank2 != -1 && len(a) <= (1 << max(0, rank2)));

  static bool prepared = 0;
  if (!prepared) {
    prepared = 1;
    root[rank2] = mint::ntt_info().se;
    iroot[rank2] = mint(1) / root[rank2];
    FOR_R(i, rank2) {
      root[i] = root[i + 1] * root[i + 1];
      iroot[i] = iroot[i + 1] * iroot[i + 1];
    }
    mint prod = 1, iprod = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i <= rank2 - 2; i++) {
      rate2[i] = root[i + 2] * prod;
      irate2[i] = iroot[i + 2] * iprod;
      prod *= iroot[i + 2];
      iprod *= root[i + 2];
    }
    prod = 1, iprod = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i <= rank2 - 3; i++) {
      rate3[i] = root[i + 3] * prod;
      irate3[i] = iroot[i + 3] * iprod;
      prod *= iroot[i + 3];
      iprod *= root[i + 3];
    }
  }

  int n = int(a.size());
  int h = topbit(n);
  assert(n == 1 << h);
  if (!inverse) {
    int len = h;
    while (len > 0) {
      if (len == 1) {
        int p = 1 << (h - len);
        mint rot = 1;
        FOR(s, 1 << (len - 1)) {
          int offset = s << (h - len + 1);
          FOR(i, p) {
            u64 l = a[i + offset].val;
            u64 r = a[i + offset + p].val;
            a[i + offset] = l + r;
            a[i + offset + p] = (mod + l - r) * rot.val;
          }
          rot *= rate2[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len--;
      } else {
        int p = 1 << (h - len);
        mint rot = 1, imag = root[2];
        FOR(s, (1 << (len - 2))) {
          int offset = s << (h - len + 2);
          mint rot2 = rot * rot;
          mint rot3 = rot2 * rot;
          for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
            u64 a0 = a[i + offset + 0 * p].val;
            u64 a1 = a[i + offset + 1 * p].val;
            u64 a2 = a[i + offset + 2 * p].val;
            u64 a3 = a[i + offset + 3 * p].val;
            u64 x = (mod + a2 - a3) * imag.val % mod;
            a[i + offset] = a0 + a1 + a2 + a3;
            a[i + offset + 1 * p] = (a0 + mod - a1 + x) * rot.val;
            a[i + offset + 2 * p] = (a0 + a1 + 2 * mod - a2 - a3) * rot2.val;
            a[i + offset + 3 * p] = (a0 + 2 * mod - a1 - x) * rot3.val;
          }
          rot *= rate3[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len -= 2;
      }
    }
  } else {
    mint coef = mint(1) / mint(len(a));
    FOR(i, len(a)) a[i] *= coef;
    int len = 0;
    while (len < h) {
      if (len == h - 1) {
        int p = 1 << (h - len - 1);
        mint irot = 1;
        FOR(s, 1 << len) {
          int offset = s << (h - len);
          FOR(i, p) {
            auto l = a[i + offset];
            auto r = a[i + offset + p] * irot;
            a[i + offset] = l + r;
            a[i + offset + p] = l - r;
          }
          irot *= irate2[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len++;
      } else {
        int p = 1 << (h - len - 2);
        mint irot = 1, iimag = iroot[2];
        for (int s = 0; s < (1 << len); s++) {
          mint irot2 = irot * irot;
          mint irot3 = irot2 * irot;
          int offset = s << (h - len);
          for (int i = 0; i < p; i++) {
            u64 mod2 = u64(mod) * mod;
            u64 a0 = a[i + offset].val;
            u64 a1 = u64(a[i + offset + p].val) * irot.val;
            u64 a2 = u64(a[i + offset + 2 * p].val) * irot2.val;
            u64 a3 = u64(a[i + offset + 3 * p].val) * irot3.val;
            u64 a1na3imag = (a1 + mod2 - a3) % mod * iimag.val;
            u64 na2 = mod2 - a2;
            a[i + offset] = a0 + a2 + a1 + a3;
            a[i + offset + 1 * p] = a0 + a2 + (2 * mod2 - (a1 + a3));
            a[i + offset + 2 * p] = a0 + na2 + a1na3imag;
            a[i + offset + 3 * p] = a0 + na2 + (mod2 - a1na3imag);
          }
          irot *= irate3[topbit(~s & -~s)];
        }
        len += 2;
      }
    }
  }
}
#line 8 "poly/multipoint.hpp"

template <typename mint>
struct SubproductTree {
  int m;
  int sz;
  vc<vc<mint>> T;
  SubproductTree(const vc<mint>& x) {
    m = len(x);
    sz = 1;
    while (sz < m) sz *= 2;
    T.resize(2 * sz);
    FOR(i, sz) T[sz + i] = {1, (i < m ? -x[i] : 0)};
    FOR3_R(i, 1, sz) T[i] = convolution(T[2 * i], T[2 * i + 1]);
  }

  vc<mint> evaluation(vc<mint> f) {
    int n = len(f);
    if (n == 0) return vc<mint>(m, mint(0));
    f.resize(2 * n - 1);
    vc<vc<mint>> g(2 * sz);
    g[1] = T[1];
    g[1].resize(n);
    g[1] = fps_inv(g[1]);
    g[1] = middle_product(f, g[1]);
    g[1].resize(sz);

    FOR3(i, 1, sz) {
      g[2 * i] = middle_product(g[i], T[2 * i + 1]);
      g[2 * i + 1] = middle_product(g[i], T[2 * i]);
    }
    vc<mint> vals(m);
    FOR(i, m) vals[i] = g[sz + i][0];
    return vals;
  }

  vc<mint> interpolation(vc<mint>& y) {
    assert(len(y) == m);
    vc<mint> a(m);
    FOR(i, m) a[i] = T[1][m - i - 1] * (i + 1);

    a = evaluation(a);
    vc<vc<mint>> t(2 * sz);
    FOR(i, sz) t[sz + i] = {(i < m ? y[i] / a[i] : 0)};
    FOR3_R(i, 1, sz) {
      t[i] = convolution(t[2 * i], T[2 * i + 1]);
      auto tt = convolution(t[2 * i + 1], T[2 * i]);
      FOR(k, len(t[i])) t[i][k] += tt[k];
    }
    t[1].resize(m);
    reverse(all(t[1]));
    return t[1];
  }
};

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> multipoint_evaluation_ntt(vc<mint> f, vc<mint> point) {
  using poly = vc<mint>;
  int n = 1, k = 0;
  while (n < len(point)) n *= 2, ++k;
  vv(mint, F, k + 1, 2 * n);
  FOR(i, len(point)) F[0][2 * i] = -point[i];

  FOR(d, k) {
    int b = 1 << d;
    for (int L = 0; L < 2 * n; L += 4 * b) {
      poly f1 = {F[d].begin() + L, F[d].begin() + L + b};
      poly f2 = {F[d].begin() + L + 2 * b, F[d].begin() + L + 3 * b};
      ntt_doubling(f1), ntt_doubling(f2);
      FOR(i, b) f1[i] += 1, f2[i] += 1;
      FOR(i, b, 2 * b) f1[i] -= 1, f2[i] -= 1;
      copy(all(f1), F[d].begin() + L);
      copy(all(f2), F[d].begin() + L + 2 * b);
      FOR(i, 2 * b) { F[d + 1][L + i] = f1[i] * f2[i] - 1; }
    }
  }
  vc<mint> P = {F[k].begin(), F[k].begin() + n};
  ntt(P, 1), P.eb(1), reverse(all(P)), P.resize(len(f)), P = fps_inv<mint>(P);
  f.resize(n + len(P) - 1), f = middle_product<mint>(f, P), reverse(all(f));
  transposed_ntt(f, 1);
  vc<mint>& G = f;
  FOR_R(d, k) {
    vc<mint> nxt_G(n);
    int b = 1 << d;
    for (int L = 0; L < n; L += 2 * b) {
      vc<mint> g1(2 * b), g2(2 * b);
      FOR(i, 2 * b) { g1[i] = G[L + i] * F[d][2 * L + 2 * b + i]; }
      FOR(i, 2 * b) { g2[i] = G[L + i] * F[d][2 * L + i]; }
      ntt_doubling<mint, true>(g1), ntt_doubling<mint, true>(g2);
      FOR(i, b) { nxt_G[L + i] = g1[i], nxt_G[L + b + i] = g2[i]; }
    }
    swap(G, nxt_G);
  }
  G.resize(len(point));
  return G;
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> multipoint_eval(vc<mint>& f, vc<mint>& x) {
  if (x.empty()) return {};
  if (mint::can_ntt()) return multipoint_evaluation_ntt(f, x);
  SubproductTree<mint> F(x);
  return F.evaluation(f);
}

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> multipoint_interpolate(vc<mint>& x, vc<mint>& y) {
  if (x.empty()) return {};
  SubproductTree<mint> F(x);
  return F.interpolation(y);
}

// calculate f(ar^k) for 0 <= k < m

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> multipoint_eval_on_geom_seq(vc<mint> f, mint a, mint r, int m) {
  const int n = len(f);
  if (m == 0) return {};

  auto eval = [&](mint x) -> mint {
    mint fx = 0;
    mint pow = 1;
    FOR(i, n) fx += f[i] * pow, pow *= x;
    return fx;
  };

  if (r == mint(0)) {
    vc<mint> res(m);
    FOR(i, 1, m) res[i] = f[0];
    res[0] = eval(a);
    return res;
  }
  if (n < 60 || m < 60) {
    vc<mint> res(m);
    FOR(i, m) res[i] = eval(a), a *= r;
    return res;
  }
  assert(r != mint(0));
  // a == 1 に帰着

  mint pow_a = 1;
  FOR(i, n) f[i] *= pow_a, pow_a *= a;

  auto calc = [&](mint r, int m) -> vc<mint> {
    // r^{t_i} の計算

    vc<mint> res(m);
    mint pow = 1;
    res[0] = 1;
    FOR(i, m - 1) {
      res[i + 1] = res[i] * pow;
      pow *= r;
    }
    return res;
  };

  vc<mint> A = calc(r, n + m - 1), B = calc(r.inverse(), max(n, m));
  FOR(i, n) f[i] *= B[i];
  f = middle_product(A, f);
  FOR(i, m) f[i] *= B[i];
  return f;
}

// Y[i] = f(ar^i)

template <typename mint>
vc<mint> multipoint_interpolate_on_geom_seq(vc<mint> Y, mint a, mint r) {
  const int n = len(Y);
  if (n == 0) return {};
  if (n == 1) return {Y[0]};
  assert(r != mint(0));
  mint ir = r.inverse();

  vc<mint> POW(n + n - 1), tPOW(n + n - 1);
  POW[0] = tPOW[0] = mint(1);
  FOR(i, n + n - 2) POW[i + 1] = POW[i] * r, tPOW[i + 1] = tPOW[i] * POW[i];

  vc<mint> iPOW(n + n - 1), itPOW(n + n - 1);
  iPOW[0] = itPOW[0] = mint(1);
  FOR(i, n) iPOW[i + 1] = iPOW[i] * ir, itPOW[i + 1] = itPOW[i] * iPOW[i];

  // prod_[1,i] 1-r^k

  vc<mint> S(n);
  S[0] = mint(1);
  FOR(i, 1, n) S[i] = S[i - 1] * (mint(1) - POW[i]);
  vc<mint> iS = all_inverse<mint>(S);
  mint sn = S[n - 1] * (mint(1) - POW[n]);

  FOR(i, n) {
    Y[i] = Y[i] * tPOW[n - 1 - i] * itPOW[n - 1] * iS[i] * iS[n - 1 - i];
    if (i % 2 == 1) Y[i] = -Y[i];
  }

  // sum_i Y[i] / 1-r^ix

  FOR(i, n) Y[i] *= itPOW[i];
  vc<mint> f = middle_product(tPOW, Y);
  FOR(i, n) f[i] *= itPOW[i];

  // prod 1-r^ix

  vc<mint> g(n);
  g[0] = mint(1);
  FOR(i, 1, n) {
    g[i] = tPOW[i] * sn * iS[i] * iS[n - i];
    if (i % 2 == 1) g[i] = -g[i];
  }
  f = convolution<mint>(f, g);
  f.resize(n);

  reverse(all(f));
  mint ia = a.inverse();
  mint pow = 1;
  FOR(i, n) f[i] *= pow, pow *= ia;
  return f;
}
#line 2 "poly/partial_frac_decomposition_1.hpp"

// f(x) / prod(1-a_ix) = sum b_i/1-a_ix
template <typename mint>
vc<mint> partial_frac_decomposition_1(vc<mint> f, vc<mint> A) {
  int N = len(A);
  assert(len(f) <= N);
  f.resize(N);
  SubproductTree<mint> X(A);
  vc<mint> g = X.T[1]; // prod(1-ax)
  g.resize(N + 1);
  reverse(all(f));
  reverse(all(g));
  FOR(i, len(g) - 1) g[i] = g[i + 1] * mint(i + 1);
  g.pop_back();
  auto num = X.evaluation(f);
  auto den = X.evaluation(g);
  vc<mint> B(len(A));
  FOR(i, len(A)) B[i] = num[i] / den[i];
  return B;
}
#line 6 "test/1_mytest/partial_frac.test.cpp"

using mint = modint998;
using poly = vc<mint>;

vc<mint> gen(int n) {
  vc<mint> f(n);
  set<mint> ss;
  FOR(i, n) {
    while (1) {
      mint x = RNG(-100, 100);
      if (ss.count(x)) continue;
      ss.insert(x);
      f[i] = x;
      break;
    }
  }
  return f;
}

void check(poly f, vc<mint> A) {
  int m = len(A);
  auto B = partial_frac_decomposition_1<mint>(f, A);
  assert(len(B) == m);
  vc<pair<poly, poly>> dat;
  FOR(i, m) {
    poly F = {B[i]};
    poly G = {mint(1), -A[i]};
    dat.eb(F, G);
  }
  auto [p, q] = sum_of_rationals<mint>(dat);
  while (len(p) && p.back() == mint(0)) p.pop_back();
  while (len(f) && f.back() == mint(0)) f.pop_back();
  assert(p == f);
}

void test() {
  FOR(n, 50) FOR(m, n, 50) {
    poly f = gen(n), A = gen(m);
    check(f, A);
  }
}

void solve() {
  int a, b;
  cin >> a >> b;
  cout << a + b << "\n";
}

signed main() {
  test();
  solve();
  return 0;
}