This documentation is automatically generated by online-judge-tools/verification-helper
#include "mod/prefix_sum_of_binom.hpp"#include "ds/offline_query/mo.hpp"
template <typename mint>
struct Prefix_Sum_Of_Binom {
static constexpr u32 mod = mint::get_mod();
const int MAX_N;
const int B;
vc<mint> POW;
vvc<mint> dat;
Prefix_Sum_Of_Binom(int MAX_N) : MAX_N(MAX_N), B(sqrt(MAX_N + 1)) {
assert(MAX_N >= 0);
int K = ceil(MAX_N, B + B) + 2;
int p = max(MAX_N, K * B);
POW.assign(p + 1, mint(1));
FOR(i, p) POW[i + 1] = POW[i] + POW[i];
dat.resize(K);
FOR(k, 0, K) {
// [0, kB] での closed sum
vc<mint>& f = dat[k];
if (MAX_N + 1 - k * B <= 0) continue;
f.resize(MAX_N + 1 - k * B);
int m = k * B;
f[0] = POW[m] * fact<mint>(m);
FOR(i, MAX_N - m) {
f[i + 1] = f[i] + f[i] - fact<mint>(i + m) * fact_inv<mint>(i);
}
}
}
// \sum_{k=0}^{m-1} binom(n,k)
mint query(int n, int m) {
assert(0 <= m);
chmin(m, n + 1);
if (m == 0) return mint(0);
if (m + m > n + 1) return POW[n] - query(n, n + 1 - m);
--m;
int a = m / B;
if (m <= a * B + B / 2) {
u128 t = 0;
FOR(i, a * B + 1, m + 1) {
t += u64(fact_inv<mint>(i).val) * (fact_inv<mint>(n - i).val);
}
return _get(n, a) + mint::raw(t % mod) * fact<mint>(n);
} else {
u128 t = 0;
FOR(i, m + 1, (a + 1) * B + 1) {
t += u64(fact_inv<mint>(i).val) * (fact_inv<mint>(n - i).val);
}
return _get(n, a + 1) - mint::raw(t % mod) * fact<mint>(n);
}
return 0;
}
private:
mint _get(int n, int k) {
if (n <= k * B) return POW[n];
return dat[k][n - k * B] * fact_inv<mint>(k * B);
}
};
template <typename mint>
struct Prefix_Sum_Of_Binom_Offline {
vc<pair<int, int>> query;
void add(int n, int m) { query.eb(n, m); }
vc<mint> calc() {
int Q = len(query);
vc<mint> ANS(Q);
auto I = Mo::get_mo_order(query);
int n = 0, m = 0;
mint ans = 0;
mint inv2 = inv<mint>(2);
for (auto& i : I) {
auto [nn, mm] = query[i];
while (n < nn) {
ans = ans + ans - C<mint>(n, m - 1);
n++;
}
while (n > nn) {
ans += C<mint>(n - 1, m - 1);
ans *= inv2;
--n;
}
while (m < mm) {
ans += C<mint>(n, m++);
}
while (m > mm) {
ans -= C<mint>(n, --m);
}
ANS[i] = ans;
}
return ANS;
}
};#line 1 "ds/offline_query/mo.hpp"
// Nsqrt(Q)
struct Mo {
vc<pair<int, int>> LR;
void add(int L, int R) { LR.emplace_back(L, R); }
static vc<int> get_mo_order(vc<pair<int, int>> LR) {
int N = 1;
for (auto &&[l, r]: LR) chmax(N, l), chmax(N, r);
int Q = len(LR);
if (Q == 0) return {};
int bs = sqrt(3) * N / sqrt(2 * Q);
chmax(bs, 1);
vc<int> I(Q);
iota(all(I), 0);
sort(all(I), [&](int a, int b) {
int aa = LR[a].fi / bs, bb = LR[b].fi / bs;
if (aa != bb) return aa < bb;
return (aa & 1) ? LR[a].se > LR[b].se : LR[a].se < LR[b].se;
});
auto cost = [&](int a, int b) -> int {
return abs(LR[I[a]].fi - LR[I[b]].fi) + abs(LR[I[a]].se - LR[I[b]].se);
};
// ランダムケースで数パーセント
FOR(k, Q - 5) {
if (cost(k, k + 2) + cost(k + 1, k + 3)
< cost(k, k + 1) + cost(k + 2, k + 3)) {
swap(I[k + 1], I[k + 2]);
}
if (cost(k, k + 3) + cost(k + 1, k + 4)
< cost(k, k + 1) + cost(k + 3, k + 4)) {
swap(I[k + 1], I[k + 3]);
}
}
return I;
}
template <typename F1, typename F2, typename F3, typename F4, typename F5>
void calc(F1 add_l, F2 add_r, F3 rm_l, F4 rm_r, F5 query) {
auto I = get_mo_order(LR);
int l = 0, r = 0;
for (auto idx: I) {
while (l > LR[idx].fi) add_l(--l);
while (r < LR[idx].se) add_r(r++);
while (l < LR[idx].fi) rm_l(l++);
while (r > LR[idx].se) rm_r(--r);
query(idx);
}
}
};
#line 2 "mod/prefix_sum_of_binom.hpp"
template <typename mint>
struct Prefix_Sum_Of_Binom {
static constexpr u32 mod = mint::get_mod();
const int MAX_N;
const int B;
vc<mint> POW;
vvc<mint> dat;
Prefix_Sum_Of_Binom(int MAX_N) : MAX_N(MAX_N), B(sqrt(MAX_N + 1)) {
assert(MAX_N >= 0);
int K = ceil(MAX_N, B + B) + 2;
int p = max(MAX_N, K * B);
POW.assign(p + 1, mint(1));
FOR(i, p) POW[i + 1] = POW[i] + POW[i];
dat.resize(K);
FOR(k, 0, K) {
// [0, kB] での closed sum
vc<mint>& f = dat[k];
if (MAX_N + 1 - k * B <= 0) continue;
f.resize(MAX_N + 1 - k * B);
int m = k * B;
f[0] = POW[m] * fact<mint>(m);
FOR(i, MAX_N - m) {
f[i + 1] = f[i] + f[i] - fact<mint>(i + m) * fact_inv<mint>(i);
}
}
}
// \sum_{k=0}^{m-1} binom(n,k)
mint query(int n, int m) {
assert(0 <= m);
chmin(m, n + 1);
if (m == 0) return mint(0);
if (m + m > n + 1) return POW[n] - query(n, n + 1 - m);
--m;
int a = m / B;
if (m <= a * B + B / 2) {
u128 t = 0;
FOR(i, a * B + 1, m + 1) {
t += u64(fact_inv<mint>(i).val) * (fact_inv<mint>(n - i).val);
}
return _get(n, a) + mint::raw(t % mod) * fact<mint>(n);
} else {
u128 t = 0;
FOR(i, m + 1, (a + 1) * B + 1) {
t += u64(fact_inv<mint>(i).val) * (fact_inv<mint>(n - i).val);
}
return _get(n, a + 1) - mint::raw(t % mod) * fact<mint>(n);
}
return 0;
}
private:
mint _get(int n, int k) {
if (n <= k * B) return POW[n];
return dat[k][n - k * B] * fact_inv<mint>(k * B);
}
};
template <typename mint>
struct Prefix_Sum_Of_Binom_Offline {
vc<pair<int, int>> query;
void add(int n, int m) { query.eb(n, m); }
vc<mint> calc() {
int Q = len(query);
vc<mint> ANS(Q);
auto I = Mo::get_mo_order(query);
int n = 0, m = 0;
mint ans = 0;
mint inv2 = inv<mint>(2);
for (auto& i : I) {
auto [nn, mm] = query[i];
while (n < nn) {
ans = ans + ans - C<mint>(n, m - 1);
n++;
}
while (n > nn) {
ans += C<mint>(n - 1, m - 1);
ans *= inv2;
--n;
}
while (m < mm) {
ans += C<mint>(n, m++);
}
while (m > mm) {
ans -= C<mint>(n, --m);
}
ANS[i] = ans;
}
return ANS;
}
};